Discovering the Roller Family
Southern Africa's avifauna is diverse and colourful, but few families stand out as prominently as the Rollers. These birds, belonging to the family Coraciidae, are named for their astonishing aerial acrobatics, specifically their "rolling" flight displays hence the reason why they are called Rollers. Let's dive into the world of these vibrant avian wonders.
Southern Africa is home to several Roller species:
1. Lilac - Breasted Roller (Coracias caudatus)
2. European Roller (Coracias garrulus)
3. Purple Roller (Coracias naevius)
4. Racket - Tailed Roller (Coracias spatulatus)
5. Broad - Billed Roller (Eurystomus glaucurus)
Vibrant Colors That Mesmerize
Rollers are undeniably among the most colourful birds in the region. The Lilac - Breasted Roller is especially iconic, with its pastel shades of blue and lilac contrasted with darker wingtips, this species of birds are also known as “Troupante” which means wedding gift, back in the day South Africans of the Afrikaans culture gave this specific birds feathers as a gift and a promise of everlasting love. Wedding rings were also produced from the feathers and to enhance the look of wedding dresses with the vibrant colours.
The European Roller boasts a mix of blue and brown, whereas the Purple Roller is cloaked in shades of purplish - blue and lilac, with contrasting white underparts. Each species has its unique palette, but they all share an iridescent quality that catches the light, making them particularly dazzling in flight.
Feeding Habits and Predatory
Indeed, these magnificent predators exhibit a lethal grace as they perch upon lofty trees, patiently stalking their unsuspecting prey. While Rollers seldom employ their feet for anything more than brief leaps in pursuit of their quarry, their prowess lies in their remarkable hunting techniques and keen senses. These dainty birds come together sometimes in large groups to forage as a collective, especially the European Rollers.
Rollers can often be observed perched on high posts, wires, or towering trees, their keen eyes scanning for a variety of potential meals, including frogs, insects like beetles, rodents and small reptiles. Yet, they must constantly remain vigilant, as they are on the menu for bigger predator birds, including the Red - Necked Falcon, Wahlberg's Eagle, Bateleur Eagles, and Peregrine Falcons.
Breeding and Nesting Habits
Rollers typically prefer to nest in cavities. This might include natural holes in trees, or in the case of some species like the European Roller, even in ground burrows or cavities in termite mounds. The choice of nesting location often provides the chicks with protection from predators.
Once a suitable cavity is found, Rollers lay 2 - 4 eggs, which are incubated by both parents. The chicks are born altricial (blind and featherless) and rely entirely on their parents for warmth and food. Both parents take turns feeding the chicks until they are ready to fledge and leave the nest.
The Aerial Acrobatics: Rolling in the Sky
Rollers are named for their spectacular display flights, which involve a series of swift, rolling motions, much like an aerobatic pilot would do with an airplane. This "rolling" is especially pronounced during the breeding season, often employed by males to impress potential mates.
The combination of their vibrant plumage and these acrobatics makes it an unforgettable spectacle. With this very harsh sounds can often be heard as they make a lot of noise in flight during this flight displays in mating season.
Habitats of Choice
Rollers are typically found in open woodlands and savannas, which offer them a clear vantage point and ample perching opportunities. They prefer areas with scattered trees, as these provide both nesting sites and perches from which they can launch their hunting forays or display flights.
These birds are also occasionally found on the edges of forests and in open grasslands especially the in the case of the elusive Broad - Billed Roller. Personally one of my favourites because it is so elusive and special to get a sighting of this bird in particular.
Facts About Rollers
The Roller birds may live as long as 17 years
The Rollers mate with one bird only for life (monogamous)
They have around 10 colors namely blue, red - brown, green, white, black, yellow, turquoise, lilac, pink, and violet
The male Rollers are known as cocks and the female Rollers are known as hens
The Lilac - Breasted Roller is Kenya's national bird
Conservation Status
Rollers, mostly find themselves in the category of Least Concern according to the IUCN Red List, with one notable exceptio - the Azure Roller. This captivating species, in contrast, carries the weight of a Near Threatened status, signaling a tale of conservation concern. Meanwhile, the European Roller once faced a similar plight but has triumphed in its population resurgence, reclaiming the coveted Least Concern status.
However, these beautiful birds are not without their perils; their primary threat arises from the relentless deforestation in both urban and rural landscapes. As trees disappear, so do the sanctuaries essential for these creatures to rear their precious offspring. It's a poignant reminder of the delicate balance between nature and human development.
Conclusion
The Rollers of Southern Africa are more than just birds; they are flying canvases of vibrant colours, displaying nature's artistry in its purest form. Their breathtaking aerial displays are symbolic of the African landscape.
Observing a Roller in its natural habitat, whether it's perched, scanning the ground for insects, or performing its signature rolls in the sky, is a vivid reminder of the wonders nature holds. It underscores the importance of preserving such habitats, ensuring that the skies of Southern Africa continue to be painted with the colours of these magnificent birds.
About The Author
Kyle Grobler is a passionate environmentalist and esteemed field guide from Potchefstroom. With an unparalleled love for nature, he boasts a vast collection of over 40,000 photos, illustrating his particular affinity for birds.
Known by many as the embodiment of a true bushman, Kyle has ventured through various South African game reserves and frequently explores the Vaal River's hidden treasures. As a new contributor to the Potch Gazette's environmental page, readers can anticipate immersive tales of Potchefstroom's natural wonders through Kyle's expert lens.
More Bird Stories
For more articles about birds you can click on the links below, there are so many great birds living amoungst us to discover and learn about as they play a major role in nature as we see it today.
Southern Ground Hornbill: Click Here
Secretary Bird: Click Here
Crucial Role of Birds Within Ecosystems: Click Here
African Crowned Eagle: Click Here
Vultures: Click Here
African Fish Eagle: Click Here
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