Exploring the Spiked Cabbage Tree
Welcome to another deep dive into the fascinating world of trees! Today, we explore the Cussonia spicata, commonly known as the Spiked Cabbage Tree, Lowveld Cabbage Tree, or simply, the Common Cabbage Tree.
Native to the moister regions of Sub - Saharan Africa, this tree stands out not only in gardens but also in its natural habitat. Let's embark on a journey to understand what makes this tree so special.
A Closer Look at Cussonia spicata
The Spiked Cabbage Tree is a member of the Araliaceae family, which also includes familiar plants like ginseng and ivy.
What sets Cussonia spicata apart is its striking appearance. This evergreen tree can grow up to 15 m tall, with large, round heads of leaves perched at the ends of its thick branches.
It's a sight to behold, whether you're in a lush garden or wandering through the wilds of Southern Africa.
Habitat and Distribution
Cussonia spicata thrives in the wetter areas of Southern Africa, stretching from the southern Cape and eastern parts of the country up through Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and into tropical Africa.
The species varies depending on its origin; some forms are more frost - tolerant than others. While some can handle moderate frost, others, especially those from subtropical areas like KwaZulu - Natal and the Eastern Cape, need protection from even mild frost.
Historical and Botanical Insights
The genus Cussonia is named after Pierre Cusson, a Professor of Botany at the University of Montpellier in the 18th century.
The specific name "spicata" refers to the spike - like arrangement of its flowers. South Africa hosts eleven different species of Cussonia, with Cussonia paniculata also making appearances in gardens.
Belonging to a family that includes important plants like ginseng, the Araliaceae family also shares close ties with the parsley family (Apiaceae), which includes vegetables and herbs such as carrots, fennel, and parsley.
Traditional Uses and Benefits
Beyond its aesthetic appeal, the Spiked Cabbage Tree holds traditional medicinal value.
The leaves are used to treat indigestion, while the soft wood, despite decaying easily, has been utilized for making mole traps and brake blocks for ox - wagons.
Interestingly, the roots are succulent and edible, and mashed roots have been used in the treatment of malaria.
Cultivation Tips
Growing Cussonia spicata is relatively straightforward if you avoid extreme frost.
Seeds may take three to eight weeks to germinate. Leave seedlings in trays for the first year and transplant them into individual containers at the beginning of the second growing season.
Saplings respond well to horticultural fertilizers. They grow quickly and can be ready for planting into the ground after three to five years in the nursery.
When planting out, ensure the hole is well - prepared with plenty of compost and bonemeal mixed with the soil.
Cussonias can sometimes be attacked by psylla, small insects that cause pimple - like growths on leaves. This can be controlled with systemic insecticides.
Conclusion
Cussonia spicata is more than just a tree; it's a symbol of the rich biodiversity of Sub - Saharan Africa.
Its striking form, combined with its traditional uses and relatively easy cultivation, makes it a wonderful addition to any garden.
Whether you're a seasoned gardener or a nature enthusiast, the Spiked Cabbage Tree is sure to captivate your imagination and bring a touch of the wild into your green space.
About The Author
Kyle Grobler is a passionate environmentalist and esteemed field guide from Potchefstroom. With an unparalleled love for nature, he boasts a vast collection of over 40,000 photos, illustrating his particular affinity for birds.
Known by many as the embodiment of a true bushman, Kyle has ventured through various South African game reserves and frequently explores the Vaal River's hidden treasures. As a new contributor to the Potch Gazette's environmental page, readers can anticipate immersive tales of Potchefstroom's natural wonders through Kyle's expert lens.
To see more from Kyle and his bush experiences you can also view his Youtube Channel here: Kyle Grobler Photography
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